Lubricants are substances used to reduce friction, wear, and heat between moving parts in machinery and engines, ensuring smooth operation and longer equipment life. They can be in the form of oils, greases, or dry lubricants and are made from mineral oils, synthetic compounds, or bio-based materials. Lubricants also help protect against rust, corrosion, and contamination by forming a protective film over metal surfaces. They are essential in automotive, industrial, marine, and aviation applications, improving efficiency, performance, and reliability of mechanical systems while reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs.